Advancements in staging and personalized treatments have helped improve lung cancer survival rates, but low screening rates and health inequities among eligible patients remain as significant barriers to treatment, according to the recently published 2022 State of Lung Cancer report from the American Lung Association. During Lung Cancer Awareness Month, Olympus Corp. of the Americas and the American Lung Association are spotlighting potentially lifesaving lung cancer screening and the diagnostic tools available to help guide treatment. Nearly 237,000 new cases of lung cancer are projected to be diagnosed this year, and it remains the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States, according to the 2022 State of Lung Cancer report. The American Lung Association reports progress in some key areas, including an 11 percent decrease in new cases of lung cancer nationally over the last five years and an increase to 25 percent of the average five-year survival rate nationally. The five-year survival rate for lung cancer, however, remains one of the lowest because cases are frequently diagnosed at later stages. About a quarter of lung cancer cases are diagnosed at an early enough stage when the five-year survival rate is at its highest (61 percent), highlighting the importance of preventive screenings. Screenings involve a low-dose CT (LDCT) scan, a simple and quick process that creates two-dimensional, cross-sectional images as a patient moves quickly through an open, donut-shaped scanner. Patients are encouraged to discuss a screening with their doctor if they have a history of smoking. Dr. Gerard Silvestri, of the Medical University of South Carolina, recently published a study analyzing data of those who underwent LDCT scans under the previous USPSTF guidelines. The data showed that those who underwent a scan were more likely to be female and current smokers. Men, younger eligible patients, and former smokers were less likely to be screened, and the study also showed that adherence to follow-up scans 12 months after the initial screening was “poor, potentially limiting screening effectiveness.” Women may be more likely to be screened for lung cancer because they are accustomed to utilizing other preventive screenings such as those for breast and cervical cancer, according to Silvestri. Older patients are more likely to be screened because they have uniform health insurance such as Medicare compared to younger patients, and current smokers might be easier to identify for screening as opposed to former smokers, who are not easily captured in the electronic medical record, he said. The 2022 State of Lung Cancer report also highlighted healthcare disparities among various racial groups, all of which showed lower rates of early diagnosis, treatment and five-year survival rate following diagnosis. Nationally, 21 percent of all lung cancer patients did not receive any treatment after diagnosis for various reasons, and new cases, screening rates and access to medical coverage vary from state to state. |